Our Additives

Performance Additives – Automotive Lubricants

ADDITIVE TYPE PURPOSE
Pour Point Depressant Enable lubricant to flow at low temperatures
Viscosity Modifier Reduce the rate of viscosity change with temperature
Antifoamant Prevent lubricant from foaming a persistent foam
Antioxidant Retard oxidative decomposition
Antiwear and EP agent Reduce friction & wear and prevent scoring & seizure
Corrision and Rust Inhibitor Prevent corrosion and rusting of metal parts in contact with the lubricant
Detergent Keep surfaces free of deposits
Dispersant Keep insoluble contaminants dispersed in the lubricant
Friction Modifier Alter coefficient of friction

About EOLCS & API Symbol

Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System (EOLCS)

API’s Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System (EOLCS) is a voluntary licensing and certification program that authorizes engine oil marketers who meet specified requirements to use the API Engine Oil Quality Marks—the API Service Symbol “Donut” and Certification Mark “Starburst”.

This program is a cooperative effort between the oil industry and vehicle and engine manufacturers Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler; the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association; and the Engine Manufacturers Association.

Performance requirements, test methods, and limits are cooperatively established by vehicle and engine manufacturers, technical societies like the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and industry associations like the American Chemistry Council and API.

Oils meeting these requirements are recommended by vehicle manufacturers.

THE API SERVICE SYMBOL

The API Service Symbol “Donut” is divided into three parts:

  • The   top half   describes the oil’s performance level.
  • The   center   identifies the oil’s viscosity.
  • The   bottom half   tells whether the oil has demonstrated resourcing-conserving properties in a standard test in comparison to a reference oil.

​

  • Top – Performance Level  ​

The top of the Donut shows the oil’s performance level for gasoline and/or diesel engines.

The letter “S” followed by another letter (e.g. SN or the latest, SP) refers to oil suitable for gasoline engines.

The letter “C” followed by another letter (e.g. CK-4) refers to oil suitable for diesel engines.

These letters officially stands for “Service” and “Commercial.”

API has also announced the newest API FA-4 category for certain SAE xx-30 oils which is designed to protect the next generation of diesel engines.

The current API performance categories that can appear in the top part of the Donut are listed in the API Motor Oil Guide or you can refer to our API Classifications page.

 

  • Center – SAE Viscosity Grade

The center of the Donut shows the oil’s SAE viscosity grade.

Viscosity is a measure of an oil’s flow characteristics, or thickness, at certain temperatures.

The low-temperature viscosity (the first number, 5W in a 5W-30 oil) indicates how quickly an engine will crank in winter and how well the oil will flow to lubricate critical engine parts at low temperatures. The lower the number, the more easily the engine will start in cold weather.

The high-temperature viscosity (the second number, 30 in a 5W-30 oil) provides thickness, or body, for good lubrication at operating temperatures.

Multigrade oils (for example, SAE 5W-30) provides good flow capability for cold weather but still retains thickness for high-temperature lubrication.

Monograde or single grade oils (a single number in the center of the donut, e.g. 50) are recommended for use under a much narrower set of temperature conditions than multigrade oils.

Operators should refer to their owner’s manuals to select the proper viscosity oil for the ambient temperature and operating conditions at which the equipment will be used.

 

  • Bottom – Resource Conserving and CI-4 Plus / SN Plus Designations

The bottom of the donut tells whether the oil has “Resource Conserving” properties when compared with a reference oil in an engine test or if an oil meets CI-4 Plus or SN Plus requirements.

Oils labeled as “Resource Conserving (RC)” (besides fuel saving properties as required by the former “Energy Conserving” supplemental category) requires further properties like:

  • emission system protection
  • turbocharger protection
  • compatibility with engines operating on ethanol containing fuels, up to E-85

Widespread use of engine oils with this designation should result in an overall enhanced engine protection in the vehicle fleet as a whole.

About Lubricants

General Technical Properties for Lubricating Oil & Grease

GENERAL TECHNICAL PROPERTIES FOR LUBRICATING OIL
Viscosity
  • Indicates resistance of a liquid to flow.
  • Most common unit of measurement is the metric system's unit Centistokes (cSt), measured at 40°C or 100°C. Others include Saybolt Universal Second (SSU), measured at 100°F or 210°F.
  • Oil with higher viscosity can stand greater pressure without being squeezed out of the lubricating surfaces. However, the high internal friction of the oil may offer greater resistance to the movement of the lubricating parts. An oil of lower viscosity offers less resistance to the moving parts but the oil can be easily squeezed out of the lubricating surfaces. It is therefore important to select a lubricating oil of appropriate viscosity to achieve optimum lubrication effect.
  • Viscosity changes with temperature. Hence, the measuring temperature must be specified whenever the viscosity of a liquid is stated. When temperature rises, a liquid becomes less viscous. Similarly, a liquid becomes thicker when temperature drops.
  • Viscosity Index (VI) is an indication of how the viscosity of a liquid varies with temperature. A high VI means the liquid does not thin out so much when temperature rises. VI improver additives that are usually high molecular weight polymers can increase the VI of lubricating oil.
  • Increase in oil viscosity achieved by addition of polymers can be partially lost again through degradation of the polymer molecules by shear stress such as heavily loaded gears. Oil that can resist viscosity change due to shear are said to have high shear stability.
    • Pour Point
  • Indicates flow characteristic at low temperature.
  • Depends on the wax content of the oil.
  • May be an issue for countries which encounter very low temperatures.
    		•
    Flash Point
  • Measures the readiness of the oil to ignite momentarily in air and is a consideration regarding the fire hazard of the oil.
    • Oxidation Stability
  • Oxidation of oil will produce resins and sludge that may plug filters and oil passages.
  • Oxidation can also produce soluble organic acids that may cause corrosion of machine parts.
  • A good lubricating oil should resist oxidation.
    		•
    Acidity and Alkalinity
    Total Acid Number and Total Base Number
  • High acidic oil may cause corrosion of machine parts
  • Most engine oils show some alkalinity due to the addition of detergent type additives and this helps to neutralize any acid formed in the oil by oxidation.
  • After prolong usage, lubricating oil may contain organic acids formed by oxidation. Therefore, a measurement of the acidity of an oil can reflects its degree of oxidation.
    • Detergency
  • Most engine oils contain detergent and dispersant additives to prevent dirty particular produced by incomplete combustion from accumulating and plating metal surface.
    • Anti-rust Property
  • Water may seep into the lubricating system and cause rusting of machine parts.
  • Rust particles can act as catalyst to accelerate the oxidation of the oil.
  • Anti-rust additives can be absorbed onto metal surface and prevent moisture from coming into contact with the metal, thus preventing rusting.
    • Corrosion Inhibition
  • Acidic materials in oil can cause corrosion of machine parts.
  • Corrosion can be minimized by the additives of corrosion inhibitor that reacts with metal to form a protective layer separating the acidic materials and the metal.
    • Anti-foaming Property
  • Foaming reduces the lubricity of oil because the air bubbles in the foam will create a barrier between the oil and the metal surface.
  • Foam can also produce resistance to the movement of machine parts.
  • In a hydraulic system, foam will reduce the cohesive power of the oil and cause the hydraulic pressure to drop.
  • Good lubricating oil will not foam easily and can disperse foam quickly. Anti-foam additives can help to reduce the foaming tendency of oil.
    • Emulsification and Demulsification
  • Emulsification is the homogenous mixing of oil and water.
  • Some oil requires high emulsibility so that it can mix with water easily, i.e. soluble oils for metalworking industry.
  • The emulsibility of oil can be improved by the addition of emulsifying agent that has strong affinity for both oil and water, thus holding the oil and water molecules together.
  • Some other lubricants require good demulsibility so that water can be separated from the oil easily, e.g. Turbine oil. The demulsibility of oil can be achieved by good refining technique.
    • Anti-wear Properties
  • Some lubricating conditions may call for extremely light oil, an oil of lower viscosity than the load-speed relationship of the machine may indicate. Under such condition, wear of the metal surfaces may occur. Anti-wear additive forms a protective coating on the metal surfaces, allowing the surfaces to slide on each other with a minimum loss of metal.
    		•
    Extreme Pressure Loading Properties (EP)
  • Heavy loading, extreme pressure and intense heat may cause machine moving parts to melt and weld together, hence interfering motion.
  • The extreme-pressure additive in oil can react with the metal to form a compound with low melting point. The intense heat developed due to the extreme-pressure loading will be dissipated in the melting of the compound instead of welding the two metallic parts.
  • EP properties are usually measured by Timken method (ASTM D 2782) or FZG Gear Machine (IP 334).
    • Tackiness
  • Tacky oil contain tackiness agent and will stick to the lubricating surface for a long time without being spattered. Lubricants used in textile machinery and wire ropes usually require tackiness property.
    • GENERAL TECHNICAL PROPERTIES FOR GREASE
    Grease is a semi-solid formed by the dispersion of a thickening agent in a liquid lubricants (base oil). Other ingredients imparting special properties may be included. Greases have advantage over oil in some applications because greases stay at the point of lubrication and will hardly be squeezed out. Sometimes, greases can also be used to seal up machine parts to prevent the entry of moisture and dust. Base oil viscosity, hydrocarbon type, and volatility can influence the structure stability, lubricating quality, low and high temperature performance, and cost of grease. The thickener is the principal factor controlling water resistance, high temperature qualities, resistance to breakdown through continued use, and ability to stay in place. To a large extend, grease cost is determined by the type of thickener and other additives. Thickener can be divided into several categories; soap-type, inorganic type and synthetic organic type.
    Penetration
  • Indicates the consistency (hardness or softness) of grease.
  • Measured by dropping a pointed cone into the grease and sees how far the cone penetrates into the sample.
  • Different ranges of penetration are identified by National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI) Grade Numbers: 000, 00, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.
  • Grade 000 is the softest while Grade 6 is the hardest.
  • Most grease thickened with soaps become softer with increase in temperature, but some greases become progressively harder upon exposure to high temperature.
    		•
    Dropping Point
  • Temperature at which the grease is fluid enough to drip.
  • Grease with a dropping point below the operating temperature would not provide proper lubricant.
  • However, the converse is not necessarily true; a dropping point above operating temperature is no guarantee of adequate lubrication since there may be change in consistency and deterioration in chemical properties of the grease at high temperatures.
    • Water Resistance
  • Greases with thickeners soluble in water will emulsify and fluidize if come into contact with relatively large amount of water.
  • Generally, calcium, lithium and aluminium soaps are highly water resistance while sodium soap greases are soluble in water.
    • Oxidation Stability
  • Oxidation will cause the grease to harden, form varnish like films and eventually carbonize. Additives can improve the oxidation stability of grease.
    • Lubricating Properties
  • Both the oil and the thickener in soap type grease have lubricating properties. Inorganic non-soap thickener generally does not contribute to the lubricating of grease.
  • The lubricating capability of the oil depends on its viscosity and viscosity index.
    • Anti-wear Characteristics
  • Additives may be included in a grease to promote its anti-wear properties.
    • Extreme Pressure Capability (EP)
  • Some grease contains special additives to fortify its load carrying capability so that welding and scoring of metal can be minimized.
    • Emulsification and Demulsification
  • Emulsification is the homogenous mixing of oil and water.
  • Some oil requires high emulsibility so that it can mix with water easily, i.e. soluble oils for metalworking industry.
  • The emulsibility of oil can be improved by the addition of emulsifying agent that has strong affinity for both oil and water, thus holding the oil and water molecules together.
  • Some other lubricants require good demulsibility so that water can be separated from the oil easily, e.g. Turbine oil. The demulsibility of oil can be achieved by good refining technique.
    • Anti-wear Properties
  • Some lubricating conditions may call for extremely light oil, an oil of lower viscosity than the load-speed relationship of the machine may indicate. Under such condition, wear of the metal surfaces may occur. Anti-wear additive forms a protective coating on the metal surfaces, allowing the surfaces to slide on each other with a minimum loss of metal.
    		•
    Extreme Pressure Loading Properties (EP)
  • Heavy loading, extreme pressure and intense heat may cause machine moving parts to melt and weld together, hence interfering motion.
  • The extreme-pressure additive in oil can react with the metal to form a compound with low melting point. The intense heat developed due to the extreme-pressure loading will be dissipated in the melting of the compound instead of welding the two metallic parts.
  • EP properties are usually measured by Timken method (ASTM D 2782) or FZG Gear Machine (IP 334).

    • API Grade Classifications

    API Engine Service Classifications

    The current and previous API Service Categories are summarized in convenient charts. Vehicle owners should refer to their owner’s manuals before consulting these charts. Oils may have more than one performance level. For automotive gasoline engines, the latest engine oil service category includes the performance properties of each earlier category. If an automotive owner’s manual calls for an API SN oil, an API SP oil will provide full protection. For diesel engines, the latest category usually – but not always – includes the performance properties of an earlier category.

    API FA-4 and the FA-4 Donut identify certain XW-30 oils specifically formulated for use in select high-speed four-stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2017 model year on-highway greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards. API FA-4 oils are not interchangeable or backward compatible with API CK-4, CJ-4, CI-4 PLUS, CI-4, and CH-4 oils. Refer to engine manufacturer recommendations to determine if API FA-4 oils are suitable for use.

    Information in tables below only shows API statuses which are currently licensable.
    For obsolete grades, please refer to API’s website.

    ILSAC Standard For Passenger Car Engine Oils
    The current and previous ILSAC standards are listed here. Vehicle owners should refer to their owner’s manuals before consulting these charts. Oils may have more than one performance level. For automotive gasoline engines, the latest ILSAC standard includes the performance properties of each earlier category and can be used to service older engines where earlier category oils were recommended.
    Name Status Service
    GF-6A Current Introduced in May 2020, designed to provide protection against low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI), timing chain wear protection, improved high temperature deposit protection for pistons and turbochargers, more stringent sludge and varnish control, improved fuel economy, enhanced emission control system protection and protection of engines operating on ethanol-containing fuels up to E85.
    GF-6B Current Applies only to oils having an SAE viscosity grade of 0W-16. Introduced in May 2020, designed to provide protection against low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI), timing chain wear protection, high temperature deposit protection for pistons and turbochargers, stringent sludge and varnish control, improved fuel economy, emission control system protection and protection of engines operating on ethanol-containing fuels up to E85.
    GF-5 Obsolete* Use GF-6A where GF-5 is recommended.
    GF-4 Obsolete Use GF-5 where GF-4 is recommended.
    GF-3 Obsolete Use GF-5 where GF-3 is recommended.
    GF-2 Obsolete Use GF-5 where GF-2 is recommended.
    GF-1 Obsolete Use GF-5 where GF-1 is recommended.
    Gasoline Engines
    The current and previous API Service Categories are listed here. Vehicle owners should refer to their owner’s manuals before consulting these charts. Oils may have more than one performance level. For automotive gasoline engines, the latest API Service Category includes the performance properties of each earlier category and can be used to service older engines where earlier category oils were recommended. Note: The letters “SI”, “SK”, and “SO” have been omitted from the sequence of letter designations for API Service Categories because of their common association with other organizations or systems.
    Name Status Service
    SP Current Introduced in May 2020, designed to provide protection against low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI), timing chain wear protection, improved high temperature deposit protection for pistons and turbochargers, and more stringent sludge and varnish control. API SP with Resource Conserving matches ILSAC GF-6A by combining API SP performance with improved fuel economy, emission control system protection and protection of engines operating on ethanol-containing fuels up to E85.
    SN Current For 2020 and older automotive engines
    SM Current For 2010 and older automotive engines.
    SL Current For 2004 and older automotive engines.
    SJ Current For 2001 and older automotive engines.
    SH Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most gasoline-powered automotive engines built after 1996. May not provide adequate protection against build-up of engine sludge, oxidation, or wear.
    SG Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most gasoline-powered automotive engines built after 1993. May not provide adequate protection against build-up of engine sludge, oxidation, or wear.
    SF Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most gasoline-powered automotive engines built after 1988. May not provide adequate protection against build-up of engine sludge.
    SE Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most gasoline-powered automotive engines built after 1979.
    SD Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most gasoline-powered automotive engines built after 1971. Use in more modern engines may cause unsatisfactory performance or equipment harm.
    SC Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most gasoline-powered automotive engines built after 1967. Use in more modern engines may cause unsatisfactory performance or equipment harm.
    SB Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most gasoline-powered automotive engines built after 1951. Use in more modern engines may cause unsatisfactory performance or equipment harm.
    SA Obsolete CAUTION: Contains no additives. Not suitable for use in most gasoline-powered automotive engines built after 1930. Use in modern engines may cause unsatisfactory performance or equipment harm.
    Diesel Engines
    (Follow your vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations on oil performance levels)
    Name Status Service
    CK-4 Current API Service Category CK-4 describes oils for use in high-speed four-stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2017 model year on-highway and Tier 4 non-road exhaust emission standards as well as for previous model year diesel engines. These oils are formulated for use in all applications with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur content up to 500 ppm (0.05% by weight). However, the use of these oils with greater than 15 ppm (0.0015% by weight) sulfur fuel may impact exhaust aftertreatment system durability and/or oil drain interval. These oils are especially effective at sustaining emission control system durability where particulate filters and other advanced aftertreatment systems are used. API CK-4 oils are designed to provide enhanced protection against oil oxidation, viscosity loss due to shear, and oil aeration as well as protection against catalyst poisoning, particulate filter blocking, engine wear, piston deposits, degradation of low- and high-temperature properties, and soot-related viscosity increase. API CK-4 oils exceed the performance criteria of API CJ-4, CI-4 with CI-4 PLUS, CI-4, and CH-4 and can effectively lubricate engines calling for those API Service Categories. When using CK-4 oil with higher than 15 ppm sulfur fuel, consult the engine manufacturer for service interval recommendations.
    CJ-4 Current For high-speed four-stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2010 model year on-highway and Tier 4 non-road exhaust emission standards as well as for previous model year diesel engines. These oils are formulated for use in all applications with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur content up to 500 ppm (0.05% by weight). However, the use of these oils with greater than 15 ppm (0.0015% by weight) sulfur fuel may impact exhaust aftertreatment system durability and/or drain interval. API CJ-4 oils exceed the performance criteria of API CI-4 with CI-4 PLUS, CI-4, CH-4, CG-4 and CF-4 and can effectively lubricate engines calling for those API Service Categories. When using CJ-4 oil with higher than 15 ppm sulfur fuel, consult the engine manufacturer for service interval.
    CI-4  Current Introduced in 2002. For high-speed, four-stroke engines designed to meet 2004 exhaust emission standards implemented in 2002. CI-4 oils are formulated to sustain engine durability where exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is used and are intended for use with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur content up to 0.5% weight. Can be used in place of CD, CE, CF-4, CG-4, and CH-4 oils. Some CI-4 oils may also qualify for the CI-4 PLUS designation.
    CH-4 Current Introduced in 1998. For high-speed, four-stroke engines designed to meet 1998 exhaust emission standards. CH-4 oils are specifically compounded for use with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur content up to 0.5% weight. Can be used in place of CD, CE, CF-4, and CG-4 oils.
    CG-4 Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered automotive engines built after 2009.
    CF-4 Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered automotive engines built after 2009.
    CF-2 Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered automotive engines built after 2009. Two-stroke cycle engines may have different lubrication requirements than four-stroke engines, so the manufacturer should be contacted for current lubrication recommendations.
    CF Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered automotive engines built after 2009. Later “C” category oils are usually suitable or preferred for diesel automotive engines for which “CF” oils were specified. Older equipment and/or two-stroke diesel engines, especially those calling for monograde products, may however require “CF” category oil.
    CE Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered automotive engines built after 1994.
    CD-II Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered automotive engines built after 1994.
    CD Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered automotive engines built after 1994.
    CC Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered engines built after 1990.
    CB Obsolete CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered engines built after 1961.
    CA Obsolete  CAUTION: Not suitable for use in most diesel-powered engines built after 1959.
    Diesel Engines
    (Follow your vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations on oil performance levels)
    Name Status Service
    FA-4 Current API Service Category FA-4 describes certain XW-30 oils specifically formulated for use in select high-speed four-stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2017 model year on-highway greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards. These oils are formulated for use in on-highway applications with diesel fuel sulfur content up to 15 ppm (0.0015% by weight). Refer to individual engine manufacturer recommendations regarding compatibility with API FA-4 oils. These oils are blended to a high temperature high shear (HTHS) viscosity range of 2.9cP–3.2cP to assist in reducing GHG emissions. These oils are especially effective at sustaining emission control system durability where particulate filters and other advanced aftertreatment systems are used. API FA-4 oils are designed to provide enhanced protection against oil oxidation, viscosity loss due to shear, and oil aeration as well as protection against catalyst poisoning, particulate filter blocking, engine wear, piston deposits, degradation of low- and high-temperature properties, and soot-related viscosity increase. API FA-4 oils are not interchangeable or backward compatible with API CK-4, CJ-4, CI-4 with CI-4 PLUS, CI-4, and CH-4 oils. Refer to engine manufacturer recommendations to determine if API FA-4 oils are suitable for use. API FA-4 oils are not recommended for use with fuels having greater than 15 ppm sulfur. For fuels with sulfur content greater than 15 ppm, refer to engine manufacturer recommendations.

    Technical Table

    Table List

    SAE J300 Viscosity Grades

    SAE
    Viscosity
    Grade     		Low Temperature °C Cranking Viscosity(1), Max (CCS) Low Temperature °C Pumping Viscosity(2), cP Max. with No Yield Stress Kinematic Viscosity (3)(cSt) at 100°C Min Kinematic Viscosity (3)(cSt) at 100°C Max High-Shear Viscosity (4),(cP) at 150°C and 106 s-1Min
    0W 6200 @ -35 60000 @ -40 3.8 - -
    5W 6600 @ -30 60000 @ -35 3.8 - -
    10W 7000 @ -25 60000 @ -30 4.1 - -
    15W 7000 @ -20 60000 @ -25 5.6 - -
    20W 9500 @ -15 60000 @ -20 5.6 - -
    25W 13000 @ -10 60000 @ -15 9.3 - -
    20W - - 5.6 <9.3 2.6
    30W - - 9.3 <12.5 2.9
    40W - - 12.5 <16.3 2.9 (0W - 10W)
    40W - - 12.5 <16.3 3.7 (15W - 25W)
    50W - - 16.3 <21.9 3.7
    60W - - 21.9 <26.1 3.7

    All values are critical specifications as defined by ASTM D 3244.
    cP=1 mPa.s 1 cSt=1 mm2s-1

    Notes:

    • ASTM D 5293.
    • ASTM D 4684. Note that the presence of any yield stress detectable by this method constitutes a failure regardless of viscosity.
    • ASTM D 445.
    • ASTM D 4683, CEC L-36-A-90 (ASTM D 4741), or ASTM D 5481.

    SAE J306 Automotive Gear Viscosity Classification

    SAE J306 Automotive Gear Viscosity Classification Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricant Viscosity Classification
    70W 75W 80W 85W 80 85 90 140 250
    Viscosity at 100° max, mm²/s 4.1 4.1 7.0 11.0 7.0 11.0 13.5 24.0 41.0
    max, mm²/s No Requirement 7000 @ -25 11.0 13.5 24.0 41.0 No.Req
    Viscosity of 150,000 mPa.s, max temp °C -55 0-40 0-26 0-12 No Requirement
    20 hr. KRL Shear (CRC L 45-T-93), KV100 after Shear, mm²/s 4.1 4.1 7.0 11.0 7.0 11.0 13.5 24.0 41.0
    MIL-PRF-2105E Specification
    75W 80W-90 85W-140W
    Viscosity at 100° max, mm²/s 41 13.5 24.0
    max, mm²/s - 24.0 41.0
    Viscosity of 150,000 mPa.s, max temp °C -40.0 -26.0 -12.0
    Channel Point, min, °C -45.0 -35.0 -20.0
    Flash Point, min, °C 150 165 180

    ISO Viscosity Grade Conversions

    ISO
    Viscosity
    Grade     		Mid-point Kinematic Viscosity Kinematic Viscosity Limits cSt at 40° (104°F) ASTM, Saybolt Viscosity Number Saybolt Viscosity SUS 100°F (37.8°C)
    Min. Max. Min. Max.
    2 2.2 1.98 2.42 32 34.0 35.5
    3 3.2 2.88 3.52 36 36.5 38.2
    5 4.6 4.14 5.06 40 39.9 42.7
    7 6.8 6.12 7.48 50 45.7 50.3
    10 10 9.00 11.0 60 55.5 62.8
    15 15 13.5 16.5 75 72 83
    22 22 19.8 24.2 105 96 115
    32 32 28.8 35.2 150 135 164
    46 46 41.4 50.6 215 191 234
    68 68 61.2 74.8 315 280 345
    100 100 90.0 110 465 410 500
    150 150 135 165 700 615 750
    220 220 198 242 1000 900 1110
    320 320 288 352 1500 1310 1600
    460 460 414 506 2150 1880 2300
    680 680 612 748 3150 2800 3400
    1000 1000 900 1100 4650 4100 5000
    1500 1500 1350 1650 7000 6100 7500

    Viscosity Ranges for AGMS Lubricant Numbers

    Rust and Oxidation Inhibited Gear Oils Viscosity Range Equivalent ISO Gradex Extreme Pressure Inhibited Gear Oils ISO Grade Gear Lubricants
    AGMA Lubricant No. cSt (mm²/s) at 40°C   AGMA Lubricant No
    1 41.4 to 50.6 46  
    2 61.2 to 74.8 68 2 EP
    3 90 to 110 100 3 EP
    4 135 to 165 150 4 EP
    5 198 to 242 220 5 EP
    6 288 to 352 320 6 EP
    7 414 to 506 460 7 EP
    8 612 to 748 680 8 EP
    8A 900 to 1100 1000 8A EP

    Notes:
    Viscosity ranges for AGMA Lubricant Numbers will henceforth be identical with those of the ASTM system. Oils compounded with 3% to 10% fatty or synthetic fatty oils.

    Download Catalogues Here

    Company Profile
    Gasoline Engine Oil
    Diesel Engine Oil
    Autotronic Premium Series

    HPURE LUBRICANTS

    HPURE lubricants, its trade name registered in many countries, operates through headquarters in Singapore to distribute its own products across the Asia Pacific region. We bring the latest innovative US advanced lubricant technology, combined with Group II hydrocracked base stock to make the best quality of lubricants. 

    All Lubricants
    More About Us

    Main Office

    14 Tuas Drive 2, Singapore 638647

    Enquiry Email

    enquiry@hpure-lube.com

    Contact Us

    Tel: +65 6861 1157 & Fax: +65 6861 3107

    © 2025 HPURE Lubricants All Rights Reserved.